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Lesson Credits

Content References

  • Visualizing the Chemistry of Climate Change: Isotopes. http://www.kcvs.ca/vc3/Lessons/Lesson1/L1_intro_1.html (accessed Aug 6, 2015).
  • Holden, N.E. Educational Outreach Efforts at the NNDC. Science Direct. [Online] 2014, 210, 169-170.
  • Mahaffy, P. G.; Bucat, B.; Tasker, R.; Kotz, J. C.; Treichel, P. M.; Weaver, G. C.; McMurry, J. Chemistry: Human Activity, Chemical Reactivity, 2nd Canadian Edition; Nelson, 2015.
  • Maderspacher, F. Ötzi. Current Biology. [Online] 2008, 18, R990-R991.
  • Müller, W.; Fricke, H.; Halliday, A.N.; McCulloch, M.T.; Wartho, J. Origin and Migration of the Alpine Iceman. Science. [Online] 2003, 302, 862-866.
  • IUPAC Periodic Table of the Isotopes Applet. The King's Center for Visualization in Science. (accessed Aug 6, 2015).
  • Wieser, M. E.; Coplen, T. B. Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report) Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2010, 83, 364-374.
  • Coplen, T. B.; Hopple, J. A.; Böhlke, J. K.; Peiser, H. S.; Rieder, S. E.; Taylor, Ian; Rosman, K. J.; Ding, T.; Vocke, R. D.; Révész, K. M.; Lamberty, A.; Taylor, P.; and De Bièvre, P. Compilation of Minimum and Maximum Isotope Ratios of Selected Elements in Naturally Occurring Terrestrial Materials and Reagents. U.S. Geological Survey, 2002, 01-4222, 10.
  • IUPAC is naming the four new elements nihonium, moscovium, tennessine, and oganesson. 2016, July/14, http://iupac.org/iupac-is-naming-the-four-new-elements-nihonium-moscovium-tennessine-and-oganesson/
  • van der Veen, A.; Meija, J.; Possolo, A.; and Hibbert, D. B. Guidelines for the use of atomic weights. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016.

Definitions:

Adapted from:

  • IUPAC Gold Book. http://goldbook.iupac.org/index.html (accessed Aug 19, 2015)
  • Visualizing the Chemistry of Climate Change: Isotopes. http://www.kcvs.ca/vc3/Lessons/Lesson1/L1_intro_1.html (accessed Aug 6, 2015).

Except for:

  • Conventional Atomic Weight definition: Mahaffy, P. G.; Bucat, B.; Tasker, R.; Kotz, J. C.; Treichel, P. M.; Weaver, G. C.; McMurry, J. Chemistry: Human Activity, Chemical Reactivity, 2nd Canadian Edition; Nelson, 2015.

Image Credits:

Key Idea 1: Isotopes

  • Ötzi: IUPAC Periodic Table of the Isotopes Applet. The King's Center for Visualization in Science. (accessed Aug 6, 2015).
  • Mass Spectrometer: Mass Spectrometer schematic diagram accessed 22 July 2014 at http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mass_Spectrometer_Schematic.svg

Key Idea 2: Radioactive and Stable Isotopes

  • Half-life: adapted from IUPAC Periodic Table of the Isotopes Applet. The King's Center for Visualization in Science. (accessed Aug 6, 2015).
  • Bismuth Crystal: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bismuth_Crystal.jpg

Key Idea 4: Atomic Weight Intervals and the IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes

  • Hydrogen: adapted from http://www.ciaaw.org/pubs/Periodic_Table_Isotopes.pdf
  • Elements from Periodic table of the Isotopes: adapted from http://www.ciaaw.org/pubs/Periodic_Table_Isotopes.pdf
  • Periodic Table of the Elements: adapted from http://www.iupac.org/fileadmin/user_upload/news/IUPAC_Periodic_Table-1May13.pdf

Key Idea 5: What Atomic Weight Intervals Should I Use?

  • Methane: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Methane-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png
  • Hydrogen Atomic Weight Intervals: modified from M. W. Wieser, and Coplen, T.B. Pure Applied Chemistry. 83, 359 (2011)
  • Carbon Atomic Weight Intervals: modified from M. W. Wieser, and Coplen, T.B. Pure Applied Chemistry. 83, 359 (2011)
  • Methane Molecular Weight Intervals: modified from M. W. Wieser, and Coplen, T.B. Pure Applied Chemistry. 83, 359 (2011)

Key Idea 6: Ötzi the Iceman

  • Ötzi: Copyright of South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology - www.iceman.it.

Test Your Knowledge

  • Atomic Weight Intervals of Boron: modified from M. W. Wieser, and Coplen, T.B. Pure Applied Chemistry. 83, 359 (2011)
  • Cross Plot of Hydrogen and Oxygen Mole Fractions: From IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes for the Education Community (IUPAC Technical Report)
  • Water Molecules: adapted from Visualizing the Chemistry of Climate Change
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